Overview of Quinsy (Peritonsillar Abscess)

Quinsy, medically known as Peritonsillar Abscess, is a painful condition in which a collection of pus forms near the tonsils, typically as a complication of untreated or severe tonsillitis. It often causes swelling on one side of the throat, making it difficult to swallow, speak or even breathe. While it can affect anyone, it is more common in adolescents and young adults. Prompt medical attention is crucial to prevent further complications, including the spread of infection to deeper tissues.

Types of Quinsy (Peritonsillar Abscess)

1. Unilateral Peritonsillar Abscess: Develops on one side of the throat, commonly observed in most cases.

2. Bilateral Peritonsillar Abscess: Rare but more dangerous; pus forms on both sides of the throat.

3. Peritonsillar Cellulitis: A precursor stage where inflammation occurs without pus formation.

Symptoms of Quinsy (Peritonsillar Abscess)

Severe sore throat, typically on one side

Swollen tonsil on one side with redness

Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) or speaking

Muffled or "hot potato" voice

Fever and chills

Pus pockets in throat or visible white pus on tonsils

Pain radiating to the ear on the affected side

Difficulty opening the mouth (trismus)

Swelling or red bump on tonsil

Bad breath due to bacterial infection

Causes of Peritonsillar Abscess

Untreated or recurrent tonsillitis

Streptococcal bacterial infections

Tonsil cysts or ulcer tonsillitis

Poor oral hygiene

Weakened immune system

Peritonsillar cellulitis progression to abscess

Dental infections spreading to the throat region

Complications in Peritonsillar Abscess

Airway obstruction due to throat swelling

Spread of infection to neck, chest, or bloodstream (sepsis)

Recurrent abscess formation

Scarring or damage to surrounding tissues

Formation of deep neck space infections

Emergency hospitalization for surgical drainage

Rare chance of cancer suspicion if recurring or atypical

Risk Factors of Quinsy (Peritonsillar Abscess)

Frequent or chronic tonsillitis episodes

Smoking or alcohol use

Poor dental and oral hygiene

Immunocompromised state (HIV, diabetes, etc.)

Age group between 15 to 40 years

History of peritonsillar abscess or quinsy illness

Delay in seeking treatment for sore on one tonsil

Preventions of Quinsy

Timely treatment of tonsillitis and sore throat

Maintaining good oral hygiene

Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol

Staying hydrated and boosting immunity

Recognizing symptoms of ulcer tonsillitis early

Seeking immediate care for swelling on one side of throat