Acouphènes

Overview 

Tinnitus is a condition in which a person hears sounds such as ringing, buzzing, hissing, or clicking in the ears without any external source. It is not a disease itself but a symptom of an underlying issue, often related to hearing or the auditory system.

Tinnitus can be temporary or chronic and may affect one or both ears. While it is not usually life-threatening, it can significantly impact quality of life, sleep, and concentration.

Types of Tinnitus

• Subjective Tinnitus: Heard only by the patient (most common)
• Objective Tinnitus: Rare; can be heard by a doctor during examination
• Acute Tinnitus: Short-term, lasting less than 3 months
• Chronic Tinnitus: Persistent for more than 3 months
• Pulsatile Tinnitus: Rhythmic sound linked to blood flow

Symptoms of Tinnitus

• Ringing, buzzing, or hissing sounds in the ear
• Sounds that vary in pitch or intensity
• Hearing sounds in one or both ears
• Difficulty concentrating
• Sleep disturbances
• Increased sensitivity to noise
• Associated hearing loss in some cases

Causes of Tinnitus

• Hearing loss due to aging (presbycusis)
• Exposure to loud noise
• Ear infections or blockage (earwax)
• Ear or head injuries
• Certain medications (ototoxic drugs)
• Blood vessel disorders (in pulsatile tinnitus)
• Stress and anxiety

Complications of Tinnitus

• Sleep disturbances
• Difficulty concentrating
• Anxiety and depression
• Reduced quality of life
• Irritability and emotional stress

Risk Factors of Tinnitus

• Prolonged exposure to loud noise
• Increasing age
• Ear infections or disorders
• Use of certain medications
• Cardiovascular conditions
• High stress levels

Prevention of Tinnitus

• Avoid exposure to loud noises
• Use ear protection in noisy environments
• Maintain ear hygiene
• Manage stress effectively
• Regular hearing check-ups
• Avoid excessive use of earphones