Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR)

Overview

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR), also known as Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI), is a groundbreaking, minimally invasive heart valve replacement procedure. It is designed to treat severe aortic stenosis, a condition where the aortic valve becomes narrow, restricting blood flow. Unlike traditional aortic valve replacement surgery, the TAVR procedure doesn’t require open-heart surgery. Instead, it involves the implantation of an artificial aortic valve through a small incision, often in the groin, offering a safer option for high-risk patients.

Why Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) Treatment is Required?

TAVR is necessary for patients with severe aortic stenosis who experience symptoms like breathlessness, chest pain, or fatigue. It is especially vital for individuals who are not suitable for open surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). This procedure helps improve heart function and enhances the quality of life by restoring proper blood flow through the aorta.

Key Advantages of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) Treatment

• Minimally Invasive: No need for open-heart surgery; performed through a small incision.
• Faster Recovery: Recovery time for heart valve replacement through the groin is significantly shorter.
• Improved Life Expectancy: Life expectancy after the TAVR procedure increases for many patients.
• Effective Management: Ideal for bioprosthetic aortic stenosis management and treating heart valve-related issues.
• High Success Rate: What is the success rate of aortic valve replacement surgery? For TAVR, it is remarkably high due to its advanced technology and precision.

How Should You Prepare Yourself Before Taking Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) Treatment?

• Medical Evaluation: Undergo tests like echocardiograms, CT scans, and blood work to determine your suitability for the TAVR/TAVI procedure.
• Consultation: Discuss the TAVR valve replacement procedure with your cardiologist to understand potential risks and outcomes.
• Medication Adjustments: Your doctor may advise changes in your medication regimen before the procedure.
• Plan Recovery: Arrange for assistance during your recovery time after TAVR surgery.

How Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) is Performed?

The TAVR heart procedure involves inserting a catheter with an artificial aortic valve into the heart through a small incision, typically in the groin. The new valve is carefully placed over the damaged valve and expanded, ensuring it functions properly. This percutaneous aortic valve surgery generally takes a few hours and doesn’t require a large surgical incision.

What You Can Expect: Before Procedure, During Procedure, and After Procedure

• Before Procedure: You will undergo imaging tests to assess the severity of your condition and finalise the TAVR replacement plan.
• During Procedure: The TAVR surgery procedure is performed under local or general anesthesia. The catheter is guided to your heart using advanced imaging.
• After Procedure: Expect a short hospital stay for monitoring. Most patients return to normal activities within days of their TAVR recovery time.

Risk and Potential Complications

While the TAVR/TAVI procedure is safe, potential risks include:

Stroke risk (what is TAVR and how does stroke risk affect patients?).

Bleeding or infection at the incision site.

Rare complications like valve leakage or blood clots.

Always consult your doctor about the risks specific to your condition.

Results/Outcomes

TAVR/TAVI procedures have shown excellent outcomes, including improved heart function and a significant reduction in symptoms. Aortic heart valve replacement success rates are high, providing patients with better mobility, less fatigue, and longer life expectancy after TAVR procedures.