Overview of Impetigo

Impetigo is a highly contagious bacterial skin infection that commonly affects infants and young children but can also occur in adults. It often starts as red sores or blisters, which quickly rupture and develop a yellowish-brown crust. If you are wondering what is impetigo or infantigo, they are actually the same condition that is caused by bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. This condition is more prevalent in warm and humid climates and among individuals with compromised skin integrity.

Types of Impetigo

1. Non-bullous impetigo (Impetigo contagiosa): The most common form, presenting as small blisters or sores, particularly around the nose and mouth.

2. Bullous impetigo: Characterised by larger, fluid-filled blisters often seen in newborns and young children.

3. Ecthyma: A more severe form that penetrates deeper into the skin, potentially causing ulcers and scarring.

Symptoms of Impetigo

Red sores or impetigo rash around the nose, mouth, hands or legs.

Blisters that ooze and form honey-colored crusts.

Itching or discomfort in the affected area.

Swollen lymph nodes near the infection site.

Infantigo symptoms often include fussiness, fever and skin irritation in babies.

Mild impetigo rash can go unnoticed initially but may spread rapidly.

Causes of Impetigo

Caused primarily by impetigo bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes.

Breaks in the skin from cuts, scrapes, eczema or insect bites.

Poor hygiene or crowded living conditions.

Direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated items for example towels, toys.

Complications in Impetigo

Cellulitis (a deeper skin infection)

Scarring or skin discoloration

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (a rare kidney complication)

Spread to other body parts or people especially in daycare or school settings

Risk Factors of Impetigo

Age is the main reason like it is common in children (especially 2–5 years)

Climate also be the main factor like Hot and humid environments

Skin injuries or chronic conditions like eczema

Close contact in schools, daycare or sports teams

Weakened immune system

Preventions of Impetigo

Maintain good personal hygiene

Regular handwashing with soap and water

Avoid sharing personal items like towels or razors

Keep wounds clean and covered

Avoid contact with individuals who have active impetigo

Prompt treatment of any skin injury