Overview

An endometrial biopsy is a medical test where a small sample of the inner lining of the uterus (called the endometrium) is taken for examination. This helps doctors check for abnormal cells, hormone levels, infections or signs of conditions like endometriosis or uterine cancer. The test is quick and usually done in a clinic without the need for surgery. It’s also called a uterine biopsy, biopsy of the uterus or endo biopsy uterus.

Why Endometrial Biopsy Treatment is Required?

To find out the cause of irregular, heavy or postmenopausal bleeding.

To diagnose or rule out endometrial cancer.

To check for hormonal imbalance in the uterine lining.

To investigate infertility or problems with getting pregnant.

To detect or confirm endometriosis with an endometriosis biopsy.

To evaluate the secretory endometrium during certain menstrual phases.

To check response to hormone therapy.

To understand symptoms that may need deeper testing inside the uterus.

Key Advantages of Endometrial Biopsy Treatment

A non-surgical and quick outpatient procedure

Helps detect uterine diseases early, such as cancer

Requires no hospital stay or anesthesia

Can explain unexplained pelvic pain or bleeding

Offers insight into fertility issues

Provides detailed analysis of the endometrial lining

Early diagnosis often means simpler treatment

Helps avoid unnecessary surgeries if benign causes are detected

How Should You Prepare Yourself Before Taking Endometrial Biopsy Treatment?

Share your full medical history with your doctor, such as menstrual patterns and current medications.

Inform your doctor if you are pregnant or think you might be.

You may be advised to take a mild pain reliever before the test to reduce cramping.

Avoid using tampons, vaginal creams, or douching 24 hours before the procedure.

You may find it helpful to watch a uterus test video to better understand what to expect.

Mentally prepare for mild discomfort, it helps reduce anxiety.

Bring someone along for support if you feel nervous.

How Endometrial Biopsy Treatment is Performed?

The procedure usually takes place in a clinic or doctor’s office.

You will lie down like during a routine pelvic exam.

A speculum is gently inserted to open the vaginal walls.

A thin, flexible tube (often called a pipelle) is inserted through the cervix into the uterus.

A small amount of tissue is gently suctioned from the uterine wall.

The tissue is sent to a lab for testing.

The whole emb procedure takes around 5 to 10 minutes.

This is sometimes called emb medical abbreviation, uterus biopsy or endometrial sampling.

What You Can Expect Before, During, and After Procedure?

1. Before the Procedure:

Mild anxiety is common, talk to your doctor if you're nervous

Take an over-the-counter pain reliever like ibuprofen if advised

Eat normally unless told otherwise

2. During the Procedure:

You may feel brief cramping, like period pain

The process is very short, usually done in 5 to 10 minutes

The doctor may ask you to take deep breaths to stay relaxed

3. After the Procedure:

Mild cramping or light bleeding may occur for a day or two

Avoid using tampons or having intercourse for 1–2 days

You can return to regular activities shortly after

Follow all post-care advice for better healing

Call your doctor if you have severe pain, heavy bleeding or fever

Risk and Potential Complications

Although generally safe, an endometrial biopsy can have some risks:

Temporary cramping or discomfort

Light vaginal bleeding or spotting

Rare risk of infection if not properly cared for

Rare chance of uterine wall injury during sampling

Some may experience more discomfort due to a narrow cervix

The pipelle biopsy may be painful for some, especially if it is their first time

Results/Outcomes

Normal results show a healthy uterine lining

Abnormal results may show hormonal imbalance, polyps, hyperplasia or cancer

If results are unclear, you may need a repeat biopsy of the uterus

If you are wondering what happens if my endometrial biopsy is abnormal, it depends on the findings, your doctor will guide you through the next steps

Results usually arrive within a few days to a week

Based on the findings, your doctor will suggest treatment or further tests