Arthroscopy

Overview

Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat joint problems. It involves the use of an arthroscope, a thin, flexible tube with a camera and light allowing doctors to view the inside of a joint. This method is commonly used for diagnosing and treating issues in the knee, shoulder, hip and ankle. Arthroscopic surgery offers a faster recovery time and less pain compared to traditional open surgery.

Why Arthroscopy is Required?

Common reasons for undergoing arthroscopic surgery include:

Diagnosing unexplained joint pain or swelling.

Treating ligament tears, such as ACL injuries.

Repairing cartilage damage in the knee, shoulder, or hip.

Removing loose bone fragments or inflamed tissue.

Treating joint conditions like arthritis or frozen shoulder.

Key Advantages of Arthroscopy:

Minimally invasive: Smaller incisions compared to open surgery.

Faster recovery: Shorter healing time allows patients to return to normal activities quicker.

Reduced pain: Less postoperative discomfort.

Precise diagnosis and treatment: Allows doctors to directly view the joint.

Lower risk: Reduced risk of complications like infections.

How Should You Prepare Yourself Before Arthroscopy Treatment?

• Consultation: Discuss your medical history, current medications and any allergies with your doctor.
• Pre-procedure instructions: Follow guidelines such as fasting for a few hours before the procedure.
• Stop certain medications: Your doctor may ask you to stop blood-thinning medications temporarily.
• Arrange for assistance: Have someone drive you home after the procedure.

How Arthroscopy is Performed?

1. Preparation: The area around the joint is sterilised, and anesthesia is administered (local, regional, or general).

2. Procedure:

A small incision is made near the joint.

An arthroscope is inserted to provide a clear view of the joint.

Specialised instruments are used to repair or remove damaged tissue.

3. Closure: The incisions are stitched or bandaged and the joint is wrapped to reduce swelling.

What You Can Expect:

1. Before Procedure:

Routine tests like blood work or imaging (MRI, X-ray) might be done.

The doctor will explain the procedure and possible risks.

2. During Procedure:

The surgery typically lasts 30 minutes to 2 hours, depending on the complexity.

You may feel slight pressure but no pain due to anesthesia.

3. After Procedure:

You will rest in the recovery room for a few hours.

Mild swelling or soreness is normal.

Follow post-operative care instructions provided by your doctor.

Risks and Potential Complications

Although arthroscopy is generally safe, there are potential risks, including:

Infection at the incision site.

Bleeding or blood clots.

Stiffness or swelling in the joint.

Temporary nerve or blood vessel damage.

Allergic reaction to anesthesia.

Results/Outcomes

Most patients experience significant pain relief and improved joint function after arthroscopy surgery. Recovery times vary depending on the joint treated and the extent of the procedure. For example:

• Knee arthroscopy: Recovery may take 4 to 6 weeks.
• Shoulder or hip arthroscopy: Recovery might take a few months.

Physical therapy is often recommended to restore strength and mobility.