Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)

Overview

Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive procedure that uses heat generated by radio waves to target and destroy abnormal tissues, nerves or pathways causing pain or irregular heart rhythms. It’s widely used to treat conditions like atrial fibrillation (AFib), chronic back pain, thyroid nodules and cervical issues. The procedure involves inserting a thin tube called a catheter to deliver controlled radiofrequency energy to the problem area.

Why Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) Treatment is Required?

To treat irregular heart rhythms such as AFib, SVT and atrial flutter

For nerve ablation to relieve chronic back pain or neck pain

To manage thyroid nodules without surgery

For cervical ablation in women with certain uterine issues

To treat abnormal tissue in cancer cases (radioablation)

When medications fail or are not well-tolerated

As an alternative to open-heart cardiac ablation surgery

Key Advantages of Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) Treatment

Minimally invasive and no large surgical cuts

Quick recovery compared to traditional surgery

Effective pain relief in chronic back and neck conditions

Highly precise in targeting problem areas

Lower risk of complications than surgery

Can be repeated if symptoms return

Often performed as a day-care procedure

How Should You Prepare Yourself Before Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) Treatment

Inform your doctor about all medications, especially blood thinners

Avoid eating or drinking for 6–8 hours before the procedure

Arrange for someone to accompany you on the day of treatment

Discuss any allergies or previous reactions to anesthesia

Wear comfortable, loose clothing and remove jewelry

Follow specific instructions if it’s for heart ablation for AFib or spinal nerve ablation

How Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) Therapy Treatment is Performed?

A local anesthetic or light sedation is given

A thin catheter or needle is inserted through the skin or a vein

Guided by imaging (like X-ray or ultrasound), it reaches the targeted nerve or tissue

Radiofrequency energy is delivered to heat and destroy the abnormal tissue

The procedure usually takes 30 minutes to 2 hours, depending on the location

What You Can Expect Before, During and After Procedure?

1. Before the Procedure:

Light sedation or local anesthesia is given

Area is sterilised and marked under imaging guidance

2. During the Procedure:

You may feel slight pressure or warmth but no major pain

The doctor uses a radiofrequency generator to deliver heat

Procedure is monitored in real time

3. After the Procedure:

You will rest for a short time in recovery

Mild soreness, fatigue, or swelling may occur

Most patients return home the same day

Instructions will be given on activity limits and medications

Risk and Potential Complications

Temporary worsening of pain (especially worse pain after RFA)

Burning sensation or numbness in the treated area

Bleeding or infection at the insertion site

Risk of burning nerves in lower back if not done properly

Rare complications like nerve damage or arrhythmias

Tiredness or fatigue especially after heart ablation for AFib

Uncommon side effects include cervical ablation recovery discomfort

Results/Outcomes

Most patients experience significant pain relief within a few days to weeks

In cardiac ablation, success rate for treating AFib or SVT is high

Some may need repeat sessions after 6–24 months

Helps avoid long-term pain medications or more invasive surgeries

Improves quality of life, daily activity and sleep

Can significantly reduce episodes of arrhythmia