Quincke’s Edema (Angioedema)

Overview of Quincke’s Edema (Angioedema)

Quincke’s Edema also known as angioedema, is a sudden and severe swelling of the deeper layers of the skin and mucous membranes. This condition typically affects areas like the face, lips, tongue, throat, hands and genitals. It may occur alone or alongside urticaria (hives)—raised, red, itchy welts on the skin. While many cases are allergic in origin, some may be hereditary or caused by other triggers. Quincke’s Edema can become life-threatening when it leads to airway obstruction, requiring immediate medical care.

Types of Quincke’s Edema (Angioedema)

1. Allergic Angioedema: Triggered by allergens like food, medication, insect bites.

2. Hereditary Angioedema (HAE): A rare genetic disorder due to C1-inhibitor deficiency.

3. Drug-Induced Angioedema: Often caused by ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs, or antibiotics.

4. Idiopathic Angioedema: No clear cause is found despite testing.

5. Acquired Angioedema: Non-hereditary and often associated with other medical conditions like lymphoproliferative disorders.

Symptoms of Quincke’s Edema (Angioedema)

Rapid swelling of the face, lips, eyelids, tongue, throat or extremities

Tingling or burning sensation before the swelling starts

Difficulty breathing or swallowing (in severe cases)

Itchy, red hives or welts on the skin (may or may not be present)

Voice changes or hoarseness if the throat is involved

Abdominal cramps, vomiting, or diarrhea (especially in hereditary types)

Causes of Quincke’s Edema (Angioedema)

Allergic reactions to foods (nuts, eggs, shellfish), insect stings or medications

Genetic mutations in C1-inhibitor gene (Hereditary Angioedema)

Medications such as ACE inhibitors or NSAIDs

Physical triggers like pressure, temperature changes, or stress

Autoimmune disorders or infections in some cases

Complications in Quincke’s Edema (Angioedema)

Airway obstruction due to throat or tongue swelling

Anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction

Recurrent attacks affecting quality of life (especially in HAE)

Emotional distress and anxiety from visible swelling

Delayed diagnosis in idiopathic or hereditary types

Risk Factors of Quincke’s Edema (Angioedema)

Family history of Hereditary Angioedema

Known allergies to food, medications, or insect bites

Autoimmune diseases like lupus or thyroid conditions

Use of certain drugs, particularly ACE inhibitors

Stress or trauma, which can trigger or worsen attacks

Preventions of Quincke’s Edema (Angioedema)

Avoid known allergens (foods, drugs, or environmental triggers)

Use antihistamines or epinephrine pens if prescribed

Genetic counseling for families with HAE history

Avoid ACE inhibitors if you’ve had angioedema before

Stress management to reduce frequency of attacks

Wear a medical alert ID if you're at risk for severe allergic reactions